This article explores how a simple change in the reference point can achieve a Pareto-efficient equilibrium in both free and fair economies and those with social justice.This article explores how a simple change in the reference point can achieve a Pareto-efficient equilibrium in both free and fair economies and those with social justice.

The Role of Reference Points in Achieving Equilibrium Efficiency in Fair and Socially Just Economies

2025/09/17 22:30
2 min read
For feedback or concerns regarding this content, please contact us at [email protected]

Abstract and 1. Introduction

  1. A free and fair economy: definition, existence and uniqueness

    2.1 A free economy

    2.2 A free and fair economy

  2. Equilibrium existence in a free and fair economy

    3.1 A free and fair economy as a strategic form game

    3.2 Existence of an equilibrium

  3. Equilibrium efficiency in a free and fair economy

  4. A free economy with social justice and inclusion

    5.1 Equilibrium existence and efficiency in a free economy with social justice

    5.2 Choosing a reference point to achieve equilibrium efficiency

  5. Some applications

    6.1 Teamwork: surplus distribution in a firm

    6.2 Contagion and self-enforcing lockdown in a networked economy

    6.3 Bias in academic publishing

    6.4 Exchange economies

  6. Contributions to the closely related literature

  7. Conclusion and References

Appendix

5.2 Choosing a reference point to achieve equilibrium efficiency

\

\ Remark that this result holds for any value of α, including for α = 1, which corresponds to a situation where the tax rate is zero. In that case, the entire surplus of the economy is distributed following the Shapley value. The analysis implies that if an economy can choose its reference point, it can always do so to lead to equilibrium efficiency.

\

:::info Authors:

(1) Ghislain H. Demeze-Jouatsa, Center for Mathematical Economics, University of Bielefeld (demeze [email protected]);

(2) Roland Pongou, Department of Economics, University of Ottawa ([email protected]);

(3) Jean-Baptiste Tondji, Department of Economics and Finance, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley ([email protected]).

:::


:::info This paper is available on arxiv under CC BY 4.0 DEED license.

:::

\

Market Opportunity
ChangeX Logo
ChangeX Price(CHANGE)
$0.00141857
$0.00141857$0.00141857
0.00%
USD
ChangeX (CHANGE) Live Price Chart
Disclaimer: The articles reposted on this site are sourced from public platforms and are provided for informational purposes only. They do not necessarily reflect the views of MEXC. All rights remain with the original authors. If you believe any content infringes on third-party rights, please contact [email protected] for removal. MEXC makes no guarantees regarding the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of the content and is not responsible for any actions taken based on the information provided. The content does not constitute financial, legal, or other professional advice, nor should it be considered a recommendation or endorsement by MEXC.
Tags:

You May Also Like

Hallmark Announces 2025 ‘Countdown To Christmas’ Dates, Movies, And Fan Events

Hallmark Announces 2025 ‘Countdown To Christmas’ Dates, Movies, And Fan Events

The post Hallmark Announces 2025 ‘Countdown To Christmas’ Dates, Movies, And Fan Events appeared on BitcoinEthereumNews.com. Laci J Mailey and Ashley Williams star in “An Alpine Holiday.” ©2025 Hallmark Media Hallmark has announced that this year their annual Countdown to Christmas will kick off on Friday, October 17th. Spanning across ten weeks, Hallmark is set to deliver nearly 80 hours of all-new programming, with original movies premiering every Saturday and Sunday night. A big event finds Hallmark teaming up with the National Football League for Holiday Touchdown: A Bills Love Story. Set against the backdrop of the unique, tight-knit community of fans known as the Bills Mafia, and celebrating the Bills final season at their iconic venue, Highmark Stadium, the movie includes Bills Head Coach Sean McDermott, Running Back Ray Davis, Safety Damar Hamlin, Offensive Tackle Dion Dawkins, Tight End Dawson Knox, Long Snapper Reid Ferguson, Defensive Tackle DeWayne Carter and Wide Receiver Joshua Palmer. Buffalo Bills legend Jim Kelly, former teammates Steve Tasker, Thurman Thomas, Scott Norwood and Andre Reed, along with Bills play-by-play announcer Chris Brown also appear. And paying homage to the late, great broadcast journalist and die-hard Bills fan Tim Russert, his son Luke Russert rounds out the team. Other new fare includes movies Tidings for the Season, An Alpine Holiday, She’s Making a List, A Suite Holiday Romance, and The Christmas Baby. Also airing during the season will be reality cooking series, Baked with Love, and the second season of Finding Mr. Christmas, Hallmark’s competition to find their next leading man. To mark the centennial of country music’s iconic venue, the Grand Ole Opry, Hallmark will present A Grand Ole Opry Christmas. Grammy-award winner and Opry Member Brad Paisley wrote and performs original music in the movie. He’s joined by other Opry members and country music artists Bill Anderson, Dailey & Vincent, Drew Baldridge, Jamey Johnson, Maggie Baugh, Megan Moroney, Mickey…
Share
BitcoinEthereumNews2025/09/18 01:38
Sources: The Senate hearing for Federal Reserve Chair nominee Warsh is expected to take place as early as the week of April 13.

Sources: The Senate hearing for Federal Reserve Chair nominee Warsh is expected to take place as early as the week of April 13.

PANews reported on March 30th, citing Punchbowl, that two sources familiar with the plans revealed that the Senate Banking Committee plans to hold a hearing as
Share
PANews2026/03/30 08:00
Why did Türkiye reduce its gold holdings by 58.4 tons in two weeks after the start of the US-Iran war?

Why did Türkiye reduce its gold holdings by 58.4 tons in two weeks after the start of the US-Iran war?

Written by: Le Ming A recent figure that has astonished global financial markets has surfaced: the Central Bank of Turkey reduced its gold holdings by approximately
Share
PANews2026/03/30 08:00